Which term describes a deviation from the baseline?

• A. Anomaly
• B. Baseline
• C. Heuristic
• D. Insight

Answer: (A)

A deviation from the baseline is called an anomaly. The baseline represents the normal or expected level, so when the observed data sit outside that normal range—significantly higher or lower than what’s typical—it signals something unusual that may need attention. A baseline itself is the standard to compare against, not the deviation. A heuristic is a practical rule-of-thumb used for quick judgement, not a label for deviations. An insight is a deep understanding or realization, not the technical term for a departure from normal behavior. For example, if normal network traffic is around a certain level, a sudden spike or drop beyond that range would be considered an anomaly.